In Bolivia, to some 70 kilometers of The Peace, there are some called ruins Tiwanaku. Ruins that it attest that already in the Andean highland order existed among the humans before classic Greece. Cultures that can only be compared with those of forgotten Mesopotamia.
 
Tiwanaku was a city, it is possible that was capital, of a civilization that Koani arose in the valley Pampas, to the south of the lake Titicaca, in the present Bolivia. It's considered that this city already existed five centuries before Christ and it lasted for more than 1500 years.
 
It is really known very little of this civilization and of this city. Partly because even lack a lot to find and to reconstruct to be able to have a complete idea. And partly because until recently all that was was destroyed.
This civilization, call that of Tiwanaku, had their success thanks to their extensive cultivation fields. It is considered that their agriculture was able to supply the current population from Bolivia. They were also good warriors and they ended up conquering all the other cultures around the lake and great part of the highland. They maintained trade with other regions, arriving until the costs of Chile and the tropical areas of the amazon basin.          
 Although there are different theories, to Tiwanaku it considers it to him a ceremonial center and an urban populous center sustained by a sophisticated agriculture system in terraces, very adapted to produce grain to great altitude. The city would have been founded around 300 d.C. Certain constructions were without finishing when, for reasons that they don't know each other, all the works ceased toward 900 d.C.
 
The masonry in Tiwanaku one of the constructive most skilled works in South America reveals. Some systems of union of the stone blocks reflect a very old use of the metal with constructive ends.
 
The complex of Tiwanaku was formed by a center civic ceremonial and a series of neighboring sectors that covered an area of four square kilometers.
 
The most important monuments:
 
Acapana. It is the biggest construction; it is the vestige of a pyramid with terraces 15 meters high and 152 meters for each side.
 
Door of the Sun. It is a monument carved in a block of stone nine tons that measures 3 meters of high for 3,75 of wide. It is on the platform of Kalasasaya, ceremonial more important temple of the archaeological group of Tiwanaku.
 This monument is decorated with a frieze in bas-relief with the figure of a surrounded god of human heads and condor that they look toward him. On this piazza they also stand out, in a hieroglyphic language, a without number of inscriptions and codexes that have not been revealed until the moment. This fabulous work was without concluding, what stiller increases the mystery about its meaning.
Kalasasaya. It is a built temple with big stones five meters high. This ceremonial center measures 126 meters long for 117 of wide. In their interior a sunken (I temper underground) great rectangular patio exists to the one that you descends for a perron worked in a single rock of six steps.
 
Entering for the main door of the temple, it is "Estela" or the "Monolith Ponce" that represents a priest.
 
Monolith Bennett. It is inside the underground" "temple. It is the biggest in all Tiwanaku and 7.30 m measures of high for 1.20 m of wide. This carved in a single block, has rectangular form and it relies on a pedestal.
 
Other monuments: they can also be appreciated in Tiwanaku many monoliths and chulpas (funeral constructions of stone, where they buried to their deads),
In fact Tiwanaku is not only ruins that the tourists visit. It is an alive temple where they congregate hundred of people in the sacred days. The New Year of the culture aymará, predominant in that region, it takes place June 21. That day the rays of the dawn Kalasasaya penetrates for the door of the temple and they illuminate to the magnificent Monolith of Ponce.
 

 1992:

News:

Madrid, March (radipaz).- A stone giant, symbol of "Pachamama" or Mother Earth for the aymaras and Quechua Bolivian, it returned to their millennial seat in the city of Tiwanaku of which came out 69 years ago.

The discovered figure the year 1932 for the American archaeologist Wendell C. Bennett, it was taken, in that then, to the city of The Peace.
 
The monolith is some 1.700 years old and it belongs to the one denominated "Fourth Time" of Tiwanaku, the planned first city of Latin America and it extinguished soon after a cataclysm before the emergence of the Inca empire.
 
In Tiwanaku, the sacred city, dozens of communities aymaras surrendered welcome homage to Pachamama. The ceremonies were preceded by "amautas" or sages and "achachilas" or old aymaras.